For a while it seemed that everyone was talking about the importance of fiber,  and its role in preventing a variety of diseases.  After much speculation, we now have a few answers about  what fiber really does, and what makes it an  important component of good nutrition.

Fiber is simply things that humans cannot digest.  Many vegetables and fruit have methylcellulose – the stringy stuff– and we, as humans cannot digest it.  Cows can, horses can, deer can – but not humans.  This is why it is better to cook vegetables – because by breaking down some of the fiber our bodies can get to the nutrients that are locked into the vegetables.

What we do with it is simply pass the material through our body.  If you don’t have enough fiber you can become constipated – and develop things like hemorrhoids or diverticulosis.  Fiber is also good if you have chronically loose bowel movements – it will help bulk up the stools.

Years ago a group of people thought increased fiber would lead to less colon cancer – -with the theory that fiber acts as a broom to sweep out the colon and thus keep the colon from being in contact with toxic stool.  Well- that has been tested in a number of places and just isn’t the case.  Even people with high fiber diets have no lower incidence of colon cancer than those with an average fiber diet.

Some thought fiber would increase the metabolism – so by taking more fiber in you would be able to loose weight.  That was proved to be incorrect also.

What is known is that the more bulk fiber you have- from fruits and vegetables- with higher fiber — the longer the sense of feeling full is.

This is why we recommend to patients to increase green vegetables, or squash, or beans – to increase their fiber – and to keep them feeling full for a longer period of time.

So- if you want to lose weight- increase your fiber and decrease your processed food.  If you suffer from chronic hemorrhoids – see your doctor- but before then start on a high fiber diet (I recommend to my patients they take a scoop of fiber in 12 ounces of water followed by 12 more ounces of water).

Find yourself hungry mid-afternoon — consider a high fiber snack – like fruits.

So fiber has a lot of advantages – and the best source of fiber — vegetables

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Anyone who has been in my office sees rows of diet books. Almost every new diet that comes along, I get the book to read about it, because at some point a patient will come in and say they’ve learned some nutrition when they were on some diet plan.

One of the most common bits of misinformation is that peanuts – and hence, peanut butter – is protein – or a healthy snack — or a complex carbohydrate. Book after book on my shelf lists peanuts as a great source of protein, and a “snack that is healthy for you.”

I wonder if they ever bothered to look at a jar of peanut butter? Of the 190 calories in two tablespoons of peanut butter, 140 of the calories are from fat. Two tablespoons of butter contain 200 calories – all of which come from fat. Basically, while there is a bit of carbohydrate and some protein – peanut butter is over 70% fat. A tablespoon of peanut butter isn’t much- seems to fit right on that celery stick– and four tablespoons of peanut butter — well, now you have just had more fat than in a Big Mac. A Snickers bar (not a healthy snack) has less fat than two tablespoons of peanut butter.

Fat is not, nor will it ever be, a healthy snack. Fat is a dense source of calories, and if you are thinking about losing weight – the last place you would want to get a snack from is a dense source of calories.

Now there are those who will tell you that fat does not make you fat (seriously, someone has this as the basis of their diet) – or that fat is healthier than bread (all I can say is they are nuttier than peanut butter).

If you want a quick, healthy snack  — think of an apple, or an orange, or almost any fruit (not fruit drink, not a fruit smoothie, but real fruit).  It will fill you, it has few calories, and will keep you satisfied for hours. If you think you need protein in a snack, think jerky (better yet make jerky), and there are a few more. But if you want to lose weight – don’t think of peanut butter.

One apple has 72 calories (only 2 of the calories are from fat).